Benzoic Acid: I Acid ya Nkoka ya Organic na Xihlayisi
Tinsimu Letikulu ta Xikombelo
Switirhisiwa leswikulu swa benzoic acid swikatsa kutirhisiwa ka yona tani hi xihlayisi, acidifier, xiphemu xa nun’hwelo, na intermediate eka organic synthesis. Eka bindzu ra swakudya, benzoic acid i xihlayisi lexi tirhisiwaka ngopfu lexi nga sivelaka kahle kukula ka ti microorganisms xikan’we naku engetela vutomi bya swakudya. Hakanyingi yi cheriwa eka swakunwa, ti sauces, ti jamu, swilo leswi swekiweke na swakudya swin’wana ku tiyisisa vuhlayiseki na ku tshamiseka ka swona. Hi xikombiso, eka swakunwa leswi nga ni khaboni, benzoic acid yi sivela ku kula ka tibakteriya ni mold, yi hlayisa khwalithi ya swakunwa.
Eka bindzu ra mirhi, benzoic acid yitirhisiwa ku humesa switirhisiwa swale xikarhi eka mirhi yokarhi. Yi nyika ntlawa wa ntirho wa carboxyl lowu nga hlanganyelaka eka ku cinca ka organic synthesis ku humesa swidlaya-switsongwatsongwana, swidlaya-switlhavi swa antipyretic, na mirhi yin’wana. Ku engetela kwalano, benzoic acid yinga tirhisiwa ku lawula pH ya ti formulations ta mirhi, kutiyisisa ku tshamiseka ka tona xikan’we na bioavailability. Hi xikombiso, eka mafurha man’wana ya swidlaya-switsongwatsongwana leswi cheriwaka ehenhla, benzoic acid yi tirha tanihi xisirhelelo leswaku mafurha ma nga onhaki.
Eka bindzu ra tikhemikhali, benzoic acid i xitirhisiwa xa nkoka xa le xikarhi eka organic synthesis. Yinga tirhisiwa ku endla ti benzoic acid esters, tofana na benzyl benzoate, leti tirhisiwaka ngopfu eka ti indasitiri ta swinun’hweriso na switolwa. Benzoic acid yinga tlhela yi esterified kuva yi humesa ethyl benzoate, leyi tirhisiwaka eka ku endliwa ka ti polymers nati resins. Ku tlula kwalaho, benzoic acid yinga tirha tani hi acidifier eka organic synthesis, yi lawula pH ya reaction system kuva yi hlohletela ti reactions tokarhi.
Eka bindzu ra switolwa, benzoic acid yitirhisiwa ku lawula pH ya switolwa, kutiyisisa kutshamiseka na vuhlayiseki bya switirhisiwa. Yi nga tlhela yi tirha tanihi xiphemu xa nun’hwelo, yi nyika nun’hwelo wo hlawuleka eka switolwa. Xikombiso, eka swinun’hweriso swin’wana na switirhisiwa swo hlayisa nhlonge, benzoic acid yi tirhisiwa tani hi xiphemu xo hlayisa na ku nun’hwela ku engetela vutomi bya swilo leswi na ku antswisa nun’hwelo wa swona.
Benzoic acid i khemikhali leyi hlayisekeke swinene, kambe switsundzuxo swifanele ku tekiwa hinkarhi waku tirhisiwa naku hlayisiwa. Yifanele ku hlayisiwa eka xigwitsirisi lexi pfaleriweke ku papalata kutsakama naku thyakisa. Switirhisiwa leswi faneleke swo sirhelela, swofana na magilavu na tinghilazi, swifanele ku ambariwa loko swikhomiwa ku sivela ku khumbana na nhlonge na mahlo.
Swihlawulekisi swa kona
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Asidi ya Benzoic | |||||||||
| Fomula ya Tikhemikhali | C6H2O2 | |||||||||
| Ndzilo wa Molekhuli | 122.12 | |||||||||
| Xivumbeko | Xigwitsirisi xo basa xa kristala | |||||||||
| Ndhawu yo N’oka | 122.41°C | |||||||||
| Ndhawu yo Vila | 249.2°C | |||||||||
| Rendzo | 1.2659 g/cm3 | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 65 - 85 - 0. Xitsonga | |||||||||
| Khodi ya HS | 29163100 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 200 - 618 - 2. Xihlamusela-marito xa Xitsonga | |||||||||
| Xikombelo | Tikhemikhali, swilo swo hlayisa swakudya, mirhi, na swin’wana. | |||||||||
Xiphephana xa Vulawuri bya Khwalithi
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Asidi ya Benzoic | ||||||
| NCHUMU | SWIPHIQO SWA XIYIMO XA LE HENHLA | VUMBHONI BYA KU KAMBISA | |||||
| Vundzeni | ≥99.5% . | 99.86% . | |||||
| Ndhawu yo N’okisela | 121-123 wa tidigri | 122°C | |||||
| Nsimbi yo tika tanihi Pb | ≤10ppm ya xirhendzevutani | ||||||
| TANIHI | ≤2ppm | ||||||
| Nhlayo ya chloride tani hi Cl | ≤0.014% . | 0.01% . | |||||
| Nhlayo ya mati | ≤0.5% . | 0.32% . | |||||
| Asidi ya phthalic | ≤100ppm ya xirhendzevutani | ||||||
| Mahetelelo | Swilo hinkwaswo swi le ndzeni ku fambisana na xikambelo xa Giredi ya Swakudya | ||||||
Hi ku komisa
Hiku komisa, benzoic acid, tani hi organic acid ya nkoka xikan’we na conservative, yi tlanga xiave lexikulu eka ti indasitiri ta swakudya, mirhi, ti khemikhali na switolwa. A swi ndlandlamuxi ntsena ku tshamiseka na vuhlayiseki bya swikumiwa kambe swi tlhela swi seketela nhluvukiso wa indasitiri ya manguva lawa. Hi nhluvuko wa thekinoloji lowu yaka emahlweni na xilaveko lexi andzaka xa tikhemikhali leti tirhaka kahle, ntshembo wa ku tirhisiwa ka benzoic acid wu ta anama swinene.