Ethylene Glycol: Xitirhisiwa xa Tikhemikhali na Antifreeze xa Swikongomelo swo Tala
Tinsimu Letikulu ta Xikombelo
Eka bindzu ra timovha, ethylene glycol i xiphemu lexikulu xa antifreeze. Yi hunguta ku titimela ka mati, yi sivela coolant ku titimela eka mahiselo yale hansi, naswona yi tlakusa nhlayo ya ku vila, yi sivela ku hisa ngopfu ka njhini. Antifreeze leyi sekeriweke eka ethylene glycol yi tirhisiwa ngopfu eka tisisiteme to kufumeta timovha, tilori, na switirhisiwa swa tiindasitiri ku tiyisisa leswaku njhini yi tirha hi ntolovelo ehansi ka mahiselo yo tlula mpimo. Ku engetela kwalano, ethylene glycol yina ku tiya ka kahle ka mahiselo xikan’we na swivumbeko swo sivela ku bola, leswinga engetelaka vutomi bya vukorhokeri bya tisisiteme to kufumeta.
Eka bindzu ra tikhemikhali, ethylene glycol i raw material ya nkoka eka organic synthesis. Yi tirhisiwa ku endla polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ku nga nchumu lowukulu lowu nga tirhisiwangiki eka tifibre ta polyester, ti- resins ni mabodlhela ya pulasitiki. Ethylene glycol yinga tlhela yitirhisiwa ku endla swihlanganisi swohambana hambana swa organic, swofana na ethylene glycol ethers, esters na amines, leswi tirhisiwaka ngopfu eka swintshuxekisi, swifunengeto, ti ink na ti khemikhali ta elektroniki.
Eka bindzu ra mirhi, ethylene glycol yitirhisiwa tani hi solvent na intermediate. Yi nga n’okisela swiphemu swo karhi swa mirhi, yi antswisa ku tiya ni ku n’oka ka mirhi. Ku engetela kwalano, ethylene glycol yinga tirhisiwa ku endla switirhisiwa swokarhi swa le xikarhi swa mirhi, swofana na ethylene glycol ethers na esters, leswingana matirhiselo ya nkoka eka ku endliwa ka mirhi.
Eka bindzu ra swiambalo, ethylene glycol yitirhisiwa ku humelerisa ti fibre ta polyester. Ti fibre ta polyester ti tiveka hi matimba ya tona yale henhla, ku tiya ka ku onhaka, na ku hlayisa xivumbeko xa kahle, naswona titirhisiwa ngopfu eka swiambalo, swiambalo swale kaya na malapi ya ti indasitiri. Ethylene glycol yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka vuhumelerisi bya ti fibre ta polyester hiku tirhisana na terephthalic acid kuva yi endla polyethylene terephthalate (PET), leswi endlaka leswaku kuva na ti fibre ta polyester ta xiyimo xale henhla.
Eka bindzu ra electronics, ethylene glycol yitirhisiwa tani hi solvent na coolant. Yinga tirhisiwa ku basisa swiphemu swa electronic, ku susa thyaka rale henhla na masalela. Ku engetela kwalano, switolwa leswi sekeriweke eka ethylene glycol switirhisiwa eka tisisiteme to kufumeta ta switirhisiwa swa elektroniki ku hlayisa mahiselo lawa ya tiyeke hinkarhi wa ntirho wa ndzhwalo wale henhla.
Hambileswi yi tirhisiwaka hi tindlela to hambana-hambana, ethylene glycol yi ni chefu, naswona ku tirhisiwa ni ku hlayisiwa ka yona swi lava magoza lama tiyeke ya vuhlayiseki. Ethylene glycol yina nantswo wo tsokombela, kambe ku dyiwa swinga vanga chefu yo tika, hikokwalaho yifanele ku hlayisiwa kahle kuva yi sivela ku fikelela hi vana na swifuwo. Eka vuhumelerisi bya ti indasitiri, kutirhisiwa ka ethylene glycol hi ntolovelo swihumelela eka tisisiteme leti pfalekeke kuva kuhungutiwa ku onhiwa ka mbango.
Swihlawulekisi swa kona
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Ethylene Glycol ya xirhendzevutani | |||||||||
| Fomula ya Tikhemikhali | C2H6O2 | |||||||||
| Ndzilo wa Molekhuli | 62,07 g/mol | |||||||||
| Xivumbeko | Mati yo tsindziyela lama nga riki na muhlovo | |||||||||
| Ndhawu yo N’oka | -13,2°C | |||||||||
| Ndhawu yo Vila | 197,3°C | |||||||||
| Rendzo | 1.1132 g/cm3 | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 107 - 21 - 1. Xitsonga | |||||||||
| Khodi ya HS | 29053100 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 203 - 473 - 3. Xihlamusela-marito | |||||||||
| Xikombelo | Yitirhisiwa eka vuhumelerisi bya polyester, ku endliwa ka antifreeze, solvent, na vumaki bya plasticizer | |||||||||
Xiphephana xa Vulawuri bya Khwalithi
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Ethylene Glycol ya xirhendzevutani | ||||||
| NCHUMU | NKOKA WA XIYIMO XA LE HENHLA (%) . | NKOKA WA XIKAMBELANTWISISO (%) . | |||||
| Ku basa,% ≥ | 99.8 | 99.9 | |||||
| Vutshila bya xirhendzevutani(Pt-Co),≤ | 5. 5. | 5. 5. | |||||
| Ku tsindziyela,g/cm3 | 1.1128-1.1138 | 1.1133 | |||||
| Ndhawu yo Oma,°C ≤ | 199. 199 | 197.4 | |||||
| Ku kufumela,% ≤ | 0.1.1 | 0.05 | |||||
| Asidi(tanihi asidi ya acetic),%≤ | 0.001 | 0.0007 | |||||
| Nsimbi(Fe),% ≤ | 0.00001 | 0.000005 | |||||
| Masalela ya ku khuluka ka moya,% ≤ | 0.001 | 0.0003 | |||||
| Diethylene glycol,% ≤ | 0.10 | 0.01 | |||||
| Aldehyde,% ≤ | 0.0008 | 0.00032 | |||||
Hi ku komisa
Hiku komisa, ethylene glycol, tani hi organic chemical raw material ya nkoka, yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka ti indasitiri to tala. A swi ndlandlamuxi ntsena matirhelo ya swikumiwa na khwalithi kambe swi tlhela swi seketela nhluvukiso wa indasitiri ya manguva lawa. Hi nhluvuko wa thekinoloji lowu yaka emahlweni, ntshembo wa ku tirhisiwa ka ethylene glycol wu ta anama swinene.