N-Propanol: Xitirhisiwa xa Nkoka xa Organic Chemical Raw
Tinsimu Letikulu ta Xikombelo
Eka indasitiri ya tikhemikhali, n-propanol i xitirhisiwa xa nkoka xa le xikarhi eka organic synthesis. Yi nga tirhisiwa ku humesa swihlanganisi swo hambana-hambana, swo tanihi acrylic acid, swihlanganisi swa acrylate, propyl acetate, propyl urea na bromopropane. Swihlanganisi leswi swi tirhisiwa ngopfu eku endleni ka tipulasitiki, swifunengeto, swinamarheti, swinun’hweriso ni swiengeteri swa swakudya. Xikombiso, acrylic acid na ti esters ta yona i switirhisiwa swa nkoka swoka swinga tirhisiwa ku humelerisa swifunengeto swa matirhelo yale henhla na swinamarheti; propyl acetate yitala kutirhisiwa eka ti organic synthesis na ti indasitiri ta solvent tani hi solvent ya high-boiling-point. Ku engetela kwalano, n-propanol yinga susiwa mati kuva yi humesa propylene, leyi kunga raw material ya nkoka eka vuhumelerisi bya ti plastics ta polypropylene.
Eka bindzu ra mirhi, n-propanol yitirhisiwa ku humelerisa switirhisiwa swohambana hambana swa mirhi. Xikombiso, probenecid, leyi tirhisiwaka ku tshungula gout, yina n-propanol tani hi intermediate ya nkoka eka ku endliwa ka yona; valproate sodium, murhi wo lwisana na xitshuketa, na wona wu titshege hi n-propanol eka endlelo ra wona ro humelerisa. Ku engetela kwalano, n-propanol yitirhisiwa tani hi solvent ya mirhi, ngopfu ngopfu eka vuhumelerisi bya ti injections na mati ya nomu. Yinga n’okisela swiphemu swotala swa murhi leswinga khulukiki kahle, leswi antswisaka kutshamiseka na bioavailability ya mirhi.
Eka switolwa na switirhisiwa swo hlayisa munhu, n-propanol yitala kutirhisiwa tani hi solvent. Yi nga ha n’okisela kahle swiaki swo hambana-hambana leswi tirhaka, swinun’hweriso ni mihlovo, leswi pfunaka swiphemu leswi leswaku swi hangalaka ku antswa eka swilo leswi endliweke. Xikombiso, eka vuhumelerisi bya perfume, n-propanol yinga tirhisiwa tani hi solvent kuva yi hangalasa swiphemu swa nun’hwelo hiku ringana, leswi antswisaka vutomi byo leha naku tiya ka perfume. Ku engetela kwalaho, n-propanol yi nga tirhisiwa tanihi xidlaya-switsongwatsongwana xo basisa ni ku dlaya switsongwatsongwana eswibedlhele, tilaboratori ni le makaya. Yina switandzhaku swa kahle swa bactericidal, yinga dlaya kahle ti bacteria na ti virus, naswona yina ku cinca cinca loku ringaneleke, leswinga siyi masalela endzhaku ko tirhisiwa.
Eka tinsimu to basisa na mafurha, n-propanol yitirhisiwa ku humesa mati ya maburuku. Yina solubility ya kahle xikan’we na lubricity, kahle kahle yi hunguta friction eka ti brake systems xikan’we naku antswisa matirhelo ya brake. Ku engetela kwalano, n-propanol yinga tirhisiwa tani hi xiengeteri xa mafurha eka mafurha lawa ya pfanganisiweke ku antswisa vuswikoti byo hisa. Xikombiso, ku chela nhlayo yintsongo ya n-propanol eka petirolo swinga antswisa swivumbeko swa yona swa anti-knock xikan’we na matirhelo ya combustion loko swirikarhi swihunguta ku humesiwa ka exhaust.
Swihlawulekisi swa tikhemikhali ta n-propanol swi endla leswaku yiva xitirhisiwa xa tikhemikhali lexi tirhisiwaka hi tindlela to hambana hambana. Yina ku n’oka kahle naswona yinga hlangana na mati, ti alcohols, ti ethers, na swin’wana swotala leswi n’okaka. Hiku vila ka 97.2°C xikan’we na melting point ya -127°C, n-propanol yina chefu yale hansi swinene kambe yinga vanga ku hlundzuka eka mahlo, xirho xo hefemula, na nhlonge eka nhlayo yale henhla. Hikokwalaho, loko ku tirhisiwa na ku hlayisiwa, switirhisiwa leswi faneleke swo sirhelela swifanele ku ambariwa leswaku swinga khumbi nhlonge na mahlo, naswona kufanele ku hlayisiwa moya lowunene.
Eka bindzu ra mirhi, n-propanol yitirhisiwa ku humelerisa switirhisiwa swohambana hambana swa mirhi. Xikombiso, probenecid, leyi tirhisiwaka ku tshungula gout, yina n-propanol tani hi intermediate ya nkoka eka ku endliwa ka yona; valproate sodium, murhi wo lwisana na xitshuketa, na wona wu titshege hi n-propanol eka endlelo ra wona ro humelerisa. Ku engetela kwalano, n-propanol yitirhisiwa tani hi solvent ya mirhi, ngopfu ngopfu eka vuhumelerisi bya ti injections na mati ya nomu. Yinga n’okisela swiphemu swotala swa murhi leswinga khulukiki kahle, leswi antswisaka kutshamiseka na bioavailability ya mirhi.
Eka switolwa na switirhisiwa swo hlayisa munhu, n-propanol yitala kutirhisiwa tani hi solvent. Yi nga ha n’okisela kahle swiaki swo hambana-hambana leswi tirhaka, swinun’hweriso ni mihlovo, leswi pfunaka swiphemu leswi leswaku swi hangalaka ku antswa eka swilo leswi endliweke. Xikombiso, eka vuhumelerisi bya perfume, n-propanol yinga tirhisiwa tani hi solvent kuva yi hangalasa swiphemu swa nun’hwelo hiku ringana, leswi antswisaka vutomi byo leha naku tiya ka perfume. Ku engetela kwalaho, n-propanol yi nga tirhisiwa tanihi xidlaya-switsongwatsongwana xo basisa ni ku dlaya switsongwatsongwana eswibedlhele, tilaboratori ni le makaya. Yina switandzhaku swa kahle swa bactericidal, yinga dlaya kahle ti bacteria na ti virus, naswona yina ku cinca cinca loku ringaneleke, leswinga siyi masalela endzhaku ko tirhisiwa.
Eka tinsimu to basisa na mafurha, n-propanol yitirhisiwa ku humesa mati ya maburuku. Yina solubility ya kahle xikan’we na lubricity, kahle kahle yi hunguta friction eka ti brake systems xikan’we naku antswisa matirhelo ya brake. Ku engetela kwalano, n-propanol yinga tirhisiwa tani hi xiengeteri xa mafurha eka mafurha lawa ya pfanganisiweke ku antswisa vuswikoti byo hisa. Xikombiso, ku chela nhlayo yintsongo ya n-propanol eka petirolo swinga antswisa swivumbeko swa yona swa anti-knock xikan’we na matirhelo ya combustion loko swirikarhi swihunguta ku humesiwa ka exhaust.
Swihlawulekisi swa tikhemikhali ta n-propanol swi endla leswaku yiva xitirhisiwa xa tikhemikhali lexi tirhisiwaka hi tindlela to hambana hambana. Yina ku n’oka kahle naswona yinga hlangana na mati, ti alcohols, ti ethers, na swin’wana swotala leswi n’okaka. Hiku vila ka 97.2°C xikan’we na melting point ya -127°C, n-propanol yina chefu yale hansi swinene kambe yinga vanga ku hlundzuka eka mahlo, xirho xo hefemula, na nhlonge eka nhlayo yale henhla. Hikokwalaho, loko ku tirhisiwa na ku hlayisiwa, switirhisiwa leswi faneleke swo sirhelela swifanele ku ambariwa leswaku swinga khumbi nhlonge na mahlo, naswona kufanele ku hlayisiwa moya lowunene.
Swihlawulekisi swa kona
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | N-propanol ya xirhendzevutani | |||||||||
| MF | C3H8O | |||||||||
| Xivumbeko | Mati yo tsindziyela lama nga riki na muhlovo | |||||||||
| Tlilasi ya Khombo | 3. 3. | |||||||||
| Ku basa | 99.5% Min | |||||||||
| MW | 60.1.1 | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 71-23-8 | |||||||||
| Khodi ya HS | 29094100 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 200-746-9 | |||||||||
| A E-e | 1274. Xihlamusela-marito | |||||||||
| Xikombelo | Solvent, nun’hwelo, tikhemikhali ta le xikarhi | |||||||||
Xiphephana xa Vulawuri bya Khwalithi
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | N-Propyl Byalwa | ||||||
| Nchumu | Swihlawulekisi swa kona | Mimbuyelo | |||||
| Ku tsindziyela (p20°C)/g/cm3 | 0.795 ~ 0,805 | 0.802 | |||||
| nhlayo ya n-propanol/%≥ | 99.5 | 99.9 | |||||
| Kutsakama/%≤ ≤ | 0.1.1 | 0.02 | |||||
| HaZen≤ | 10 | 5. 5. | |||||
| Asidi (tanihi asidi ya acetic)/%≤ | 0.003 | 0.001 | |||||
Hi ku komisa
Hiku komisa, n-propanol, tani hi multifunctional organic compound, yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka tinsimu totala. Hi nhluvukiso wa thekinoloji lowu yaka emahlweni na ku ndlandlamuxa tindhawu ta matirhiselo, xilaveko xa makete xa n-propanol xi ta ya emahlweni xi kula. Eka nkarhi lowu taka, ntshembo wa ku tirhisiwa ka n-propanol wu ta anama swinene, ngopfungopfu eka swiyenge swa nsirhelelo wa mbango na nhluvukiso lowu nga heriki, laha n-propanol yi languteriweke ku va xitirhisiwa xa nkoka xa tikhemikhali ta rihlaza.