Potassium Hydroxide: Chemical yo tiya ya Alkaline na leyi tirhaka hi tindlela to tala
Tinsimu Letikulu ta Xikombelo
Switirhisiwa leswikulu swa potassium hydroxide swikatsa kutirhisiwa ka yona tani hi alkaline catalyst yo tiya, saponification agent, pH regulator, corrosion inhibitor, na electrolyte. Eka ku endliwa ka tikhemikhali, potassium hydroxide i xitirhisiwa lexi tirhisiwaka ngopfu xa alkaline catalyst leyi tiyeke leyi nga hlohlotelaka ku cinca cinca ka organic na inorganic reactions, kufana na saponification ya ti esters, dehydration ya ti alcohols, na alkaline catalysis eka organic synthesis. Yinyika ndzhawu ya alkaline swinene kutiyisisa nhluvuko wa kahle wa reaction. Xikombiso, eka vumaki bya xisibi, potassium hydroxide i xitirhisiwa xa nkoka xa saponification lexi hundzulaka mafurha kuva xisibi na glycerin, leswi antswisaka khwalithi ya swihumelerisiwa xikan’we naku tshamiseka.
Eka bindzu ra mirhi, potassium hydroxide yi tirhisiwa eka ku endliwa ka swiaki swo karhi swa le xikarhi swa mirhi. Yikota ku lawula pH ya ti solutions ta mirhi kutiyisisa ku tshamiseka ka tona xikan’we na bioavailability ya tona. Ku engetela kwalaho, potassium hydroxide yi tirhisiwa eku lunghiseleleni ka mirhi ya alkaline, yo tanihi swidlaya-switsongwatsongwana swo karhi ni ti- amino acid ta alkaline. Eka bindzu ra elektroniki, potassium hydroxide i electrolyte ya nkoka leyi tirhisiwaka ngopfu eka tibetiri ta alkaline na ti fuel cells. Yinyika ndzhawu leyi tiyeke ya alkaline kutiyisisa matirhelo ya kahle ya tibetiri na ti fuel cells. Xikombiso, eka tibetiri ta nickel-metal hydride, potassium hydroxide yi tirha tani hi electrolyte, leswi antswisaka matirhelo ya ku humesa betri na vutomi bya xirhendzevutani.
Eka bindzu ra swakudya, potassium hydroxide i xiengeteri xa swakudya lexi hlayisekeke lexi tirhisiwaka ku lawula acid kumbe alkalinity ya switirhisiwa swa swakudya, ku tiyisisa vuhlayiseki bya swona na ku tshamiseka. Xikombiso, eka vuhumelerisi bya swinkwa swokarhi na ti chocolate, potassium hydroxide yitirhisiwa ku lulamisa pH ya switirhisiwa, leswi antswisaka nantswo na xivumbeko xa swona. Eka ku basisiwa ka mati, potassium hydroxide yitirhisiwa ku lulamisa pH ya mati xikan’we naku susa thyaka ra acid. Yinga tlhela yitirhisiwa ku herisa mati ya thyaka ya acid kuva yi fikelela swipimelo swa ku humesiwa ka mbango. Hi xikombiso, eku basiseni ka mati ya thyaka ya tiindasitiri, potassium hydroxide yi tirhisiwa ku herisa mati ya thyaka lama nga ni asidi, leswi sivelaka ku thyakisa mbango.
Potassium hydroxide i khemikhali yo tiya ya alkaline leyingana swivumbeko swa nkoka swo bola. Hi nkarhi wa ku tirhisiwa na ku hlayisiwa, yifanele ku hlayisiwa yi pfaleriwile kuva yi papalata ku khumbana na nhlonge na mahlo. Switirhisiwa leswi faneleke swo sirhelela, swofana na magilavu, tinghilazi na swiambalo swo sirhelela, swifanele ku ambariwa loko swikhomiwa ku tiyisisa vuhlayiseki.
Swihlawulekisi swa kona
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Xidzidziharisi xa Potassium | |||||||||
| Fomula ya Tikhemikhali | KOH | |||||||||
| Ndzilo wa Molekhuli | 56.11 | |||||||||
| Xivumbeko | Powder yo basa kumbe flaky solid | |||||||||
| Ndhawu yo N’oka | 380°C | |||||||||
| Ndhawu yo Vila | 1324°C | |||||||||
| Rendzo | 2.044 g/cm3 | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 1310 - 58 - 3. Xihlamusela-marito | |||||||||
| Khodi ya HS | 28152000 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 215 - 181 - 3. Xihlamusela-marito xa Xitsonga | |||||||||
| Xikombelo | Tikhemikhali, tibetiri, swibasisi, na swin’wana. | |||||||||
Xiphephana xa Vulawuri bya Khwalithi
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Xidzidziharisi xa Potassium | ||||||
| NCHUMU | NKOKA WA XIYIMO XA LE HENHLA (%) . | NKOKA WA XIKAMBELANTWISISO (%) . | |||||
| KOH | ≥90.0 | 90.38 | |||||
| K2CO3 | ≤0.5 | 0.3 | |||||
| XITLHANYI(CL) . | ≤0.005 | 0.0048 | |||||
| Sulfate(SO )4 | ≤0.002 | 0.00% . | |||||
| Nitrate na Nitrite(N) . | ≤0.0005 | 0.0001 | |||||
| Fe | ≤0.0002 | 0.00015 | |||||
| Sweswo | ≤0.5 | 0.48 | |||||
| PO4 | ≤0.002 | 0.0009 | |||||
| SIO3 | ≤0.01 | 0.0001 | |||||
| AL | ≤0.001 | 0.0007 | |||||
| SWESWO | ≤0.002 | 0.001 | |||||
| Endzeni | ≤0.0005 | 0.0005 | |||||
| Nsimbi yo tika (PB) . | ≤0.001 | E-e | |||||
| Xivumbeko | Swiphepherhele swo Basa | ||||||
| XIYIMO XA LE HENHLA | Giredi ya le Henhla | ||||||
Hi ku komisa
Hiku komisa, potassium hydroxide, tani hi khemikhali yo tiya ya alkaline na mintirho yotala, yi tlanga xiave xa nkoka eka ku lulamisiwa ka ti khemikhali, mirhi, electronics, swakudya na ku basisiwa ka mati. A swi antswisi ntsena matirhelo na khwalithi ya swikumiwa kambe swi tlhela swi seketela nhluvukiso wa indasitiri ya manguva lawa. Hi nhluvuko wa thekinoloji lowu yaka emahlweni na xilaveko lexi andzaka xa tikhemikhali leti tirhaka kahle, ntshembo wa ku tirhisiwa ka potassium hydroxide wu ta anama swinene.