Sodium Thiocyanate: I Tikhemikhali ta Tiindasitiri ta Swikongomelo swo Tala
Tinsimu Letikulu ta Xikombelo
1. Vuhumelerisi bya Fibre ya Acrylic
Sodium thiocyanate i raw material ya nkoka eka vuhumelerisi bya ti acrylic fibres. Hi nkarhi wa polymerization ya acrylonitrile, sodium thiocyanate yitirha tani hi solvent, leswi nyikaka ndzhawu leyi tiyeke eka polymerization reaction. Yi n’okisela ti acrylonitrile monomers kuva yi endla sisiteme ya polymerization leyi fanaka, leswi endlaka leswaku kuva na ti acrylic fibres ta xiyimo xale henhla. Tifibre ta acrylic ti tiveka hi ku tsandzeka ka tona lokunene ka tikhemikhali, ku nga onhaki ni ku sivela ku hisa, leswi endlaka leswaku ti tirhisiwa ngopfu eka swiambalo, malapi ya le kaya ni malapi ya le tifemeni.
2. Xitirhisiwa xa Nxopaxopo wa Tikhemikhali
Sodium thiocyanate yina nkoka eka nxopaxopo wa ti khemikhali. Yinga endla ti complexes na ti ions ta nsimbi tofana na ti iron ions, leswi pfumelelaka ku kumiwa naku kamberiwa hi nhlayo ya ti ions leti hiku tirhisa tindlela ta colorimetric kumbe titration. Hi xikombiso, eku kambisiseni ka ti- ion ta nsimbi eka swikombiso swa mati, sodium thiocyanate yi endla nhluvuko ni ti- ion ta nsimbi leswaku yi vumba xivumbeko xo tshwuka xa ngati. Maendlelo ya colorimetric yanga hatlisa naku kumisisa kahle nhlayo ya ti iron ions. Ndlela leyi yina vuxiyaxiya swinene naswona ya olova ku tirhisa, leswi endlaka leswaku yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka nxopaxopo wa khwalithi ya mati, ku vekiwa tihlo ka mbango, na vulawuri bya khwalithi eka vuhumelerisi bya ti indasitiri.
3. Vumaki bya ku Pfuxeta Gezi
Eka indasitiri ya electroplating, sodium thiocyanate yitala kutirhisiwa tani hi xiengeteri eka ti electroplating solutions. Yi antswisa matirhelo ya electroplating layer, yi ndlandlamuxa kufana na ku namarhela ka plating, naswona yi engetela ku tiya ka corrosion xikan’we na khwalithi ya xivumbeko xa switirhisiwa swa electroplated. Xikombiso, eka copper electroplating, ku cheriwa nhlayo leyi faneleke ya sodium thiocyanate swi sivela hydrolysis ya copper ions, leswi endlaka leswaku kuva na plating layer leyi rhetaka naswona yifana na ti pinholes nyana xikan’we na swihoxo swa pitting. Ku engetela kwalano, sodium thiocyanate yinga tirhisiwa eka electroplating ya tinsimbi ta risima tofana na nsuku na silivhere, leswi antswisaka ku vonakala na ku tiya ka ku onhaka ka plating.
4. Ku Hlanganisiwa ka Swilo leswi hanyaka
Sodium thiocyanate yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka organic synthesis. Yinga tirha tani hi cyanation reagent eka ku endliwa ka ti organic compounds tohambana hambana. Xikombiso, eka ku endliwa ka ti nitriles, sodium thiocyanate yinga endla reaction na ti aldehydes kumbe ti ketones kuva yi humesa ti nitriles leti fambelanaka. Ku tlula kwalaho, sodium thiocyanate yinga tirhisiwa ku endla swihlanganisi swa thiourea, leswinga swa nkoka eka swiyenge swa mirhi, swidlaya switsotswana na tidayi. Ku cinca cinca na ku hlawula ka sodium thiocyanate swiendla leswaku yiva reagent leyi tirhisiwaka ngopfu eka organic synthesis.
5. Switirhisiwa Swin’wana
Sodium thiocyanate yinga tlhela yitirhisiwa eka tinsimu tin’wana. Hi xikombiso, eka bindzu ro daya ni ro gandlisa, ri nga tirhisiwa tanihi mupfuni wo daya leswaku ku antswisiwa ku amukeriwa ni ku hatlisa ka tidayi. Eka bindzu ro endla maphepha, yinga tirhisiwa eka maendlelo ya bleaching na deinking kuva yi antswisa khwalithi na matirhelo ya maphepha.
Sodium thiocyanate i raw material ya nkoka eka vuhumelerisi bya ti acrylic fibres. Hi nkarhi wa polymerization ya acrylonitrile, sodium thiocyanate yitirha tani hi solvent, leswi nyikaka ndzhawu leyi tiyeke eka polymerization reaction. Yi n’okisela ti acrylonitrile monomers kuva yi endla sisiteme ya polymerization leyi fanaka, leswi endlaka leswaku kuva na ti acrylic fibres ta xiyimo xale henhla. Tifibre ta acrylic ti tiveka hi ku tsandzeka ka tona lokunene ka tikhemikhali, ku nga onhaki ni ku sivela ku hisa, leswi endlaka leswaku ti tirhisiwa ngopfu eka swiambalo, malapi ya le kaya ni malapi ya le tifemeni.
2. Xitirhisiwa xa Nxopaxopo wa Tikhemikhali
Sodium thiocyanate yina nkoka eka nxopaxopo wa ti khemikhali. Yinga endla ti complexes na ti ions ta nsimbi tofana na ti iron ions, leswi pfumelelaka ku kumiwa naku kamberiwa hi nhlayo ya ti ions leti hiku tirhisa tindlela ta colorimetric kumbe titration. Hi xikombiso, eku kambisiseni ka ti- ion ta nsimbi eka swikombiso swa mati, sodium thiocyanate yi endla nhluvuko ni ti- ion ta nsimbi leswaku yi vumba xivumbeko xo tshwuka xa ngati. Maendlelo ya colorimetric yanga hatlisa naku kumisisa kahle nhlayo ya ti iron ions. Ndlela leyi yina vuxiyaxiya swinene naswona ya olova ku tirhisa, leswi endlaka leswaku yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka nxopaxopo wa khwalithi ya mati, ku vekiwa tihlo ka mbango, na vulawuri bya khwalithi eka vuhumelerisi bya ti indasitiri.
3. Vumaki bya ku Pfuxeta Gezi
Eka indasitiri ya electroplating, sodium thiocyanate yitala kutirhisiwa tani hi xiengeteri eka ti electroplating solutions. Yi antswisa matirhelo ya electroplating layer, yi ndlandlamuxa kufana na ku namarhela ka plating, naswona yi engetela ku tiya ka corrosion xikan’we na khwalithi ya xivumbeko xa switirhisiwa swa electroplated. Xikombiso, eka copper electroplating, ku cheriwa nhlayo leyi faneleke ya sodium thiocyanate swi sivela hydrolysis ya copper ions, leswi endlaka leswaku kuva na plating layer leyi rhetaka naswona yifana na ti pinholes nyana xikan’we na swihoxo swa pitting. Ku engetela kwalano, sodium thiocyanate yinga tirhisiwa eka electroplating ya tinsimbi ta risima tofana na nsuku na silivhere, leswi antswisaka ku vonakala na ku tiya ka ku onhaka ka plating.
4. Ku Hlanganisiwa ka Swilo leswi hanyaka
Sodium thiocyanate yitirhisiwa ngopfu eka organic synthesis. Yinga tirha tani hi cyanation reagent eka ku endliwa ka ti organic compounds tohambana hambana. Xikombiso, eka ku endliwa ka ti nitriles, sodium thiocyanate yinga endla reaction na ti aldehydes kumbe ti ketones kuva yi humesa ti nitriles leti fambelanaka. Ku tlula kwalaho, sodium thiocyanate yinga tirhisiwa ku endla swihlanganisi swa thiourea, leswinga swa nkoka eka swiyenge swa mirhi, swidlaya switsotswana na tidayi. Ku cinca cinca na ku hlawula ka sodium thiocyanate swiendla leswaku yiva reagent leyi tirhisiwaka ngopfu eka organic synthesis.
5. Switirhisiwa Swin’wana
Sodium thiocyanate yinga tlhela yitirhisiwa eka tinsimu tin’wana. Hi xikombiso, eka bindzu ro daya ni ro gandlisa, ri nga tirhisiwa tanihi mupfuni wo daya leswaku ku antswisiwa ku amukeriwa ni ku hatlisa ka tidayi. Eka bindzu ro endla maphepha, yinga tirhisiwa eka maendlelo ya bleaching na deinking kuva yi antswisa khwalithi na matirhelo ya maphepha.
Swihlawulekisi swa kona
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Sodiyamu ya Thiocyanate | |||||||||
| MF | NaSCN | |||||||||
| Xivumbeko | Mati lama nga riki na muhlovo | |||||||||
| Ku basa | 98% . | |||||||||
| CAS NO | 540-72-7 | |||||||||
| Khodi ya HS | 2842901100 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 208-754-4 | |||||||||
| Xikombelo | Yitirhisiwa tani hi mordant na dye solvent; yi tirhisiwa eka vuhumelerisi bya tifibre leti endliweke hi vanhu. | |||||||||
Xiphephana xa Vulawuri bya Khwalithi
| Vito ra Xiendliwa | Sodiyamu ya Thiocyanate | ||||||
| SWIVUMBEKO SWA NXOPAXOPO | Endlelo | MBUYELO WA NXOPAXOPO | |||||
| Ku basa (NaSCN) . | ≥98% . | 99.20% . | |||||
| Tsakama | ≤0.5% . | 0.30% . | |||||
| Chloride (Cl−) . | ≤0.01% . | 0.01% . | |||||
| Sulfate (SO42−) . | ≤0.02% . | 0.01% . | |||||
| Tinsimbi to tika (tanihi Pb) . | ≤10 wa ppm | ||||||
| Nsimbi (Fe) . | ≤5 ppm | 2 ppm | |||||
| Swilo leswi nga khulukiki ematini | ≤0.05% . | 0.02% . | |||||
Ku Pakiwa na ku Hlayisa
Sodium thiocyanate yi pakiwa eka swibye leswi pfaleriweke ku tiyisisa leswaku yitshama yirikarhi yi omile naswona yingari na thyaka loko yi fambisiwa naku hlayisiwa. Yifanele ku hlayisiwa eka ndzhawu yo hlayisela leyi kufumelaka, yo oma, naswona yi nghenaka kahle moya, ekule na swilo swo tiya leswi onhaka swofana na ti acid na ti alkali. Hi nkarhi wa nhlayiso, kufanele ku tekeriwa enhlokweni ku sivela ndzhongho xikan’we naku papalata mahiselo yale henhla kutiyisisa kutshamiseka na vuhlayiseki bya xitirhisiwa.